Dr. Mark E. Hammer

Education/Training | Professional Experience
Board Examination | Medical Licensure | Patents
Professional Societies | Honors | Teaching Experience
Hospital Affiliations | Publications | Presentations
Grants | Research Experience | Service | Public

Education/Training:

  1. Yale University, New Haven, CT. 9/62-6/66, B.S., Physics Major
  2. Columbia University, 116th St. & Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10027, 9/66-6/67, M.A. Astrophysics, graduated 6/6/67.
  3. Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 W. 168th St., New York, N.Y. 10032, 7/67-6/71, M.D. degree, graduated 6/1/71.
  4. Harlem Hospital Center, Lenox Ave. & 136th St., New York, N.Y. 10037, 7/71-6/72, 6/30/72 completed Straight Medical Internship Program with Gerald Thompson, M.D.
  5. New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, 310 E. 14th St., New York, N.Y. 10003, 7/74-6/77, completed Ophthalmology Residency with Joseph Walsh, M.D. 6/30/77.
  6. Devers Eye Clinic, 1200 N.W. 23rd St. Portland, OR. 97210, 7/77-6/78, Fellowship in Vitreoretinal Diseases with Richard G. Chenoweth, M.D., completed on 6/30/78.
  7. Small-Incision No-Stitch Non-Phaco Cataract/IOL Surgery: Phacofracture – Back to the Future. Lecture & Lab Series.  American Academy of Ophthalmology. Chicago, 2005.

Professional Experience:

  1. General Medical Officer, Commissioned Corps, USPHS, Dulce Indian Health Center, P.O. Box 187, Dulce, New Mexico, 87520, 7/72-6/74.
  2. Director, Dulce Indian Health Center, P.O. Box 187, Dulce, New Mexico, 87520, 7/72-6/74.
  3. Retinal and Vitreous Specialist, Private Practice in Rochester, N.Y., 10/78-9/80.
  4. Retinal and Vitreous Specialist, full time at University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Deans Office Attn: Personnel, Columbia, SC, 29208, 9/80-9/86.
  5. Chief Department of Ophthalmology, Richland Memorial Hospital, Columbia, S.C., 3/1/83-8/1/86.
  6. Medical Advisory Committee, Richland Memorial Hospital, 3/83-9/86.
  7. Retinal and Vitreous Specialist, Private Practice with W. Sanderson Grizzard, M.D.-Retina Associates of Florida, Tampa, Largo, and Lakeland, FL. 9/86 to present.
  8. Chief of Surgery Department, Memorial Hospital, Tampa, FL.  12/89-12/92.
  9. Surgical Suite Committee, Memorial Hospital, Tampa, Florida, 12/89-12/92.
  10. Member Executive Committee,  Memorial Hospital, Tampa, Florida, 12/89-12/92.
  11. Chairman Quality Control Committee, Memorial Hospital, Tampa, Florida, 12/90-12/93.
  12. Member Credentials Committee, Memorial Hospital, Tampa, Florida, 1/93-1/94.
  13. Member Investigational Review Committee, Memorial Hospital, Tampa, Florida 1/93-1/96.
  14. Chairperson of New Devices Committee, Vitreous Society, 1/97-12/98.
  15. Chairman, Investigational Review Committee, Memorial Hospital, Tampa, Fl.  9/97 – 9/99
  16. Chairman, Liaison Committee, Vitreous Society, 12/00 – 12/02
  17. Alternate Delegate AMA from Vitreous Society, 12/00 – 12/03
  18. Secretary of the American Retina Foundation, (Founding Member) 1/01 – Present
  19. American Academy of Ophthalmology Section Nominating Committee Member  1/04 – 12/04
  20. Member of the Board of Directors at Memorial Hospital, 02/07 - Present
Board Examination:
  1. Diplomate of the National Board of Medical Examiners, passed Part III on March 8, 1972. Candidate #144715.
  2. Diplomate of the American Board of Ophthalmology, October 15, 1978. Candidate #019551.
Medical Licensure:
  1. Florida, #ME0034612, issued 10/1/85.
  2. California, #G56884, issued 3/24/86.

Professional Societies:

  1. American Academy of Ophthalmology
  2. Florida Society of Ophthalmology
  3. Tampa Bay Ophthalmological Society
  4. Florida State Medical Society
  5. Hillsborough County Medical Society
  6. American Association for the Advancement of Science
  7. American Medical Association
  8. Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
  9. Ocular Immunology and Microbiology Group
  10. Societas Internationalis Por Diagnostica Ultrasonica in Ophthalmologica
  11. American Society of Retina Specialists
  12. International Society of Ophthalmic Endoscopy, Inc.
  13. American Uveitis Society
  14. The Retina Society
  15. International Ocular Inflammation Society
  16. Club Jules Gonin

Honors:

  1. American Academy of Ophthalmology Honor Award, 1991.
  2. American College of Physician Executives, Recognition of Innovation Award, April 20, 1993.
  3. Visiting Professor of Ophthalmology Award, presented by New York Eye & Ear Infirmary, September 23, 1993.  
  4. American Medical Association, Physician's Recognition Award, May 1, 1994-May 1, 1997.
  5. Vitreous Society, Honor Award, 1998
  6. Senior Honor Award, Vitreous Society, 2001
  7. American Academy Ophthalmology , Senior Honor Award, 2003
  8. The Honor Society of PHI KAPPA PHI, 2008

Teaching Experience:

  1. Teaching Assistant, Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, 9/66-6/67.
  2. University of Rochester, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology, 10/78-9/80.
  3. Vitrectomy Workshop, Director at Fifth Annual Ophthalmic Seminar, Rochester, N.Y., August 1980.
  4. University of South Carolina, Division of Ophthalmology, full time Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology, 9/80-11/82.
  5. Vitrectomy Workshop, Director at Sixth Annual Ophthalmic Seminar, Rochester, N.Y., June 12-13, 1981.
  6. Vitrectomy Workshop, Director at Canadian/American Ophthalmology Workshop, Myrtle Beach, S.C., March 24-26, 1982.
  7. Director and Organizer of Canadian/American Ophthalmology Seminar sponsored by the University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Myrtle Beach, S.C., March 24-26, 1982.
  8. University of South Carolina, Department of Ophthalmology, full time Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, 11/82-9/86.
  9. "Advanced Surgery and Management for the Vitreoretinal Surgeon" with course director, Steve Charles, American Academy of Ophthalmology, 11/10/86, 11/11/87, 11/11/88, 11/12/89, 10/29/90, 10/15/91, 11/10/92, and 11/15/93.
  10. University of South Florida, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, 10/86 to present.
  11. Course Director for "New Visualization Techniques for Vitreoretinal Surgery" at 1994 American Academy of Ophthalmology Meeting in San Francisco, California, 11/94 – 11/98
  12. Chairman, Vitreous Society Section “New Techniques in Vitreoretinal Surgery” 28th International Congress of Ophthalmology, June 21 through 28, 1998 at Amsterdam, , Netherlands.
  13. Course Director: “Vitreoretinal Endoscopy and Diode Laserpexy,” Skills Transfer Course, American Academy of Ophthalmology, 11/99 – 11/00
  14. Wet Lab Instructor: “Wide Field Strategies, Bimanual Procedures, Endoscopic M management” 3rd Vitreoretinal Symposium - Frankfurt, Germany, October 6 & 7, 2000.
  15. “Multiport Illumination System used with Wide-Field Biomicroscopy”, Course at European Ophthalmological Society, Istanbul, 6/01
  16. Course Instructor: “Wide Angle Observation System”, American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, October 2004.
  17. Course Instructor: “Endoscopy Assisted Vitrectomy”, American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, October 2004.\
  18. Course Instructor: “All You Need to Know About Visual Loss but Were Afraid to Ask” Hammer, ME American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, Chicago, October 2005.
  19. Course Instructor: “Wide Angle Observatio Systems” Hammer, ME American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting. Chicago, October 2005.

Patents

  1. “In Vivo Polymerizable Ophthalmic Compositions, “ Charles, ST, Hammer, ME, Lang, JC, Lochead, RY, Mathias, LJ.  Patent Nu: 5,858,345.  Date of Patent: 1/12/99.
  2. “Articles Coated with In Vivo Polymerizable Ophthalmic Compositions,” Hammer, ME, Charles, ST, Lang, JC, Lochead, RY, Mathias, LJ.  Patent Nu: 6, 124, 037.  Date of Patent: 8/26/00.
  3. “In Vivo Polymerizable Ophthalmic Compositions and Methods of Using,” Hammer, M.E., Charles, S.T., Lang, J.C., Lochhead, R.Y., Mathias, L.J.  Patent Nu: 6,180,687 B1.  Date of Patent: 01/30/01

Hospital Affiliations:

  1. Memorial Hospital of Tampa - 10/86 to present
  2. Tampa General Hospital - 5/87 to present
Publications:
A) Journal Articles
    1. "A Large Aberrant Macular Vein", Hammer, M.E., N.Y. Eye and Ear Quarterly, 1:1, 1977.

    2. "The Effect of Oral Prednisone on Traumatic Hyphemas", Spoor, T., Hammer, M.E., Belloso, H., Archives of Ophthalmology, 98:116, January 1980.
    3. "Plano Fundus Lens for Penetrating Keratoplasty and Closed Vitrectomy", Hammer, M.E., Ocutome Newsletter, Vol. 5 No. 3, September 1980.
    4. "Retinal Embolism Following Percutaneous Femoral Cerebral Angiography", Hartel, W.C., Spoor, T.C., Hammer, M.E., Journal of Clinical Neuro-ophthalmology, 2:49-54, 1982.
    5. "Post Traumatic Fungal Endophthalmitis Caused by Exophiala Jeanselmei", Hammer, M.E., Harding, S., Wynn, P., Annals of Ophthalmology, 15:853-855, 1983.
    6. "Retinitis Pigmentosa, Ataxia, and Short Stature of Unknown Etiology", Schroer, R.J., Hammer, M.E., Mauldin, L.B., Proceedings of the Greenwood Genetic Center, 2:10-13, 1983.
    7. "Comparison of Inflammatory Uveitis Elicited by Peptidoglycan Complexes, Lipopolysaccharide and Muramyl Dipeptide", Fox, A., Hammer, M.E., Lill, Burch, T., Burrish, G., Archives of Ophthalmology, 102:1063-1067, 1984.
    8. "Viscosity and the Protective Properties of Sodium Hyaluronate, Chondroitin Sulfate, and Methylcellulose", Hammer, M.E., Burch, T.G., Investigative Ophthalmology, 25:1239-1332, 1984.
    9. "The Effect of Intraocular Dilating Solution on Cat Endothelium", Hammer, M.E., Chenoweth, R.G., Ophthalmic Surgery, Vol. 15 No. 7, July 1984.
    10. "Ocular Defects and Dysmorphic Features in Three Generations", Edward, J.G., Lampert, R.P., Hammer, M.E., Young, S.R., The Journal of Clinical Dysmorphology, 2:8-12, 1984.
    11. Uveitis and Arthritis Induced by Systemic Injection of Streptococcal Cell Walls", Wells, A., Pararajasegaram, M., Baldwin, A., Yang, C., Hammer, M.E., Fox, A., Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 27:69-73, 1986.
    12. "Acute Retinopathy of Prematurity: Logistic Analysis of Risk Factors", Hammer, M.E., Mullen, P.W., Ferguson, J.G., Pai, S., Cosby, C., Jackson K., American Journal of Ophthalmology, 102:1-6, 1986.
    13. "Viscosity of Subretinal Fluid and its Clinical Correlations", Hammer, M.E., Burch, T.G., Rinder, D., Retina, 6:234-238, 1986.
    14. "Basic Mechanical Properties of the Retina in Simple Elongation", Wenzhou, W., Peters, W.H., Hammer, M.E., Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 109:65-67, 1987.
    15. "The Ocular Manifestation of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever", Duffey, R.J., Hammer, M.E., Annals of Ophthalmology, 19:301-306, 1987.
    16. "Pneumatic Retinopexy:  A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Comparing Pneumatic Retinopexy with Scleral Buckling", Tornambe, P.E., Hilton, G.F., Brimton, D.A., Grizzard, W.S., Heilbron, D., Hammer, M.E., et.al., Ophthalmology, 96:772-784, 1989.
    17. "Death Associated with Acute Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy", Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S., Archives of Ophthalmology, 107:170-171, 1989.
    18. "Perforating Ocular Injuries Caused by Anesthesia Personnel", Grizzard, W.S., Kirk, N.M., Pavan, P.R., Antworth, M.V., Hammer, M.E., Roseman, R.L., Ophthalmology, 98:1011-1015, 1990.
    19. "Accuracy of Diagnosis of Choroidal Melanomas in the Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study, COMS Report No. 1", The Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study Group, (Hammer, M.E.), Archives of Ophthalmology, 108:1268-1273, 1990.
    20. "The Complications of Pneumatic Retinopexy", Hilton, G.F., Tornambe, P.E., Brinton, D.A., Flood, T.P., Green, S., Grizzard, W.S., Hammer, M.E., et.al., Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society, Vol. LXXXVIII, 191-210, 1990.
    21. "Pneumatic Retinopexy:  A Two Year Follow-Up Study of the Multicenter Clinical Trial Comparing Pneumatic Retinopexy with Scleral Buckling", Tornambe, P.E., Hilton, G.F., Grizzard, W.S., Hammer, M.E., et.al., Ophthalmology, 98:1115-1123, 1991.
    22. "Pneumatic Retinopexy:  An Analysis of Intraoperative and Postoperative Complications", Hilton, G.F., Tornambe, P.E., Grizzard, W.S., Hammer, M.E., et.al., Retina, 11:285-294, 1991.
    23. "A Multivariate Analysis of Anatomic Success of Retinal Detachments Treated With Scleral Buckling", Grizzard, W.S., Hilton, G.F., Hammer, M.E., Taren, D., Graefes Archives Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol., 232:1-7, 1994.
    24. "Pneumatic Retinopexy Failures: Cause, Prevention, Timing and Management", Grizzard W.S., Hilton, G.F., Hammer, M.E., Taren, D., Brinton, D.A. in Ophthalmology, 102:929-936, 1995.
    25. "Endophthalmitis After Pars Plana Vitrectomy", Cohen S.M., Flynn H.W., Murray T.G., Hammer, M.E., et.al., in Ophthalmology, (in press 1995).
    26. "Threshold Retinopathy of Prematurity, Transition from Cryopexy to Laser Treatment", Hammer, M.E., Pusateri, T.J., Hess, J. B., Sosa, R. and Stromquist, C.,  in Retina, Vol. 15, 6:486-489, 1995.
    27. "Results of the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study:  A Randomized Trial of Immediate Vitrectomy and of Intravenous Antibiotics for the Treatment of Postoperative Bacterial Endophthalmitis", Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study Group, Arch. Ophthalmol., 113:1479-1496, 1995.
    28. "Spectrum and Susceptibilities of Microbiologic Isolates in the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study", Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study Group, Am J Ophthalmol., 122:1-17, July 1996.
    29. "New Visualization Techniques for Vitreoretinal Surgery", Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S., Spitznas, M., Koch, F., Fisher, Y., in Vitreoretinal Surgery and Technology Newsletter, Vol. 8, No.1, Winter 1996.
    30. "Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS in Collaboration with the AIDS Clinical Trials Group:  Assessment of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis:  Clinical Evaluation Versus Centralized Grading of Fundus Photographs", SOCA Study Group, in Arch Ophthalmol 114:791-805, 1996.
    31. "Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS in Collaboration with the AIDS Clinical Trials Group:  Clinical versus Photographic Assessment of Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis.  Foscarnet-Ganciclovir Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Trial Report 8", in Arch Ophthalmol 114:848-855, 1996.
    32. “Relationship Between Clinical  Presentation and Microbiologic Spectrum”, Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study Group, Ophthalmology, Vol 4, No. 2, February, 1997
    33. “The Source of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci  in the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study”, Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study Group, Arch Ophthalmology, Volume 115, March 1997
    34. Hammer, ME: “An Investigation of the Hospital Charges Related to the Treatment of Endophthalmitis in the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study”, Ophthalmology, Vol. 4, Number 5, May 1997
    35. “Evaluation of Microbiological Diagnostic Techniques in Postoperative Endophthalmitis in  the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study”, Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study Group,  Arch Ophthalmology, Vol 115, September, 1997
    36. “Mortality in Patients With Small Choroidal Melanoma”,  Collaborative  Ocular Melanoma Study Group, Arch. Ophthalmology, Volume 115, July, 1997
    37. “Factors Predictive of Growth and Treatment of Small Choroidal Melanoma”, Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study Group, Arch Ophthalmology, Volume 115, December, 1997
    38. “Complex Retinal Detachment Treated with Silicone Oil or Sulfur Hexafluoride Gas: A Randomized Clinical Trial”,  Hammer, ME, Margo, CE, Grizzard, WS; Opthalmic Surgery and Lasers, November 1997, Volume 28, No. 11.
    39. “Submacular Surgery Trials Randomized Pilot of Laser Photocoagulation Versus Surgery for Recurrent Choroidal Neovascularization Secondary to Age-Related Macular Degeneration II.  Quality of Life Outcomes. “ SST Pilot Study Investigators.  American Journal of Ophthalmology, Vol. 130, No. 4, October 2000.
    40. “Submacular Surgery Trials Randomized Pilot Trial of Laser Photocoagulation Versus Surgery for Recurrent Choroidal Neovascularization Secondary to Age-Related macular Degeneration I.  Ophthalmic Outcomes.”  SST Pilot Study Investigators.  American Journal of Ophthalmology, Vol. 130, No. 4, October 2000.
    41. “Retinal Detachment in the Endophthalmitis Study.”  Doft, B.M., Kelsey, S.F., Wisniewski, S.R., for the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study Group.  Arch Ophthalmology, Vol. 118, December 2000.
    42. “Plasma-thrombin Adjuvant During Macular Hole Surgery:  A Perspective Randomized Trial.”  Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S., Cohen, S., Margo, C.E., Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology – submitted for publication January, 2001.
    43. “Endoscopy for Evaluation and Treatment of the Ciliary Body in Hypotony.”  Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S.  Retina Journal- submitted for publication, July 2001.
    44. “Unilateral Multifocal Uveal Melanoma with Occult Ring Melanoma.”  Hammer, M.E., Margo, C. E.  Archives of Ophthalmology, Vol.120, No. 8, August, 2002.
    45. “Vitrectomy for Diabetic Traction Retinal Detachment Using the Multiport Illumination System.” Steinmetz, R.L., Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S.  Ophthalmology, Vol. 109, December 2002.B)

    B) Book Chapters

      1. "Retinal Reattachment Forces Created by Absorption of Subretinal Fluid", Hammer, ME., Documenta Ophthalmologica Proceedings, Series 25 ed., H. Zauberman, Dr. W. Junk, b.v. publishers 1980, pp. 61-75.
      2. "Pediatric Diseases of the Retina", p. 331-373, Hammer, M.E., in Pediatric Ophthalmology eds. Metz, H.S., and Rosenblum, A.L., Medical Examination Publishing Co. Inc., Garden City, N.Y., 1982.
      3. "Ocular Trauma", Hammer, M.E., and Spoor, T.C., Medical Management of Ocular Disease, ed. Spoor, T.C., Charles B. Slack Publishing Co., pp. 319-357, 1985.
      4. "Chemical and Immunochemical Studies on the In Vivo and In Vitro Degradation of Peptidoglycan Subunits and Cell Wall Complexes in Relation to Inflammatory Diseases", Fox, A., Gilbart, J., Harrison, J., Pararajasegaram, G., Wells, A., Hammer, M.E., Yang, C.H., Isshikawa, Y., Whiton, R., and Morgan, S.L., in Biological Properties of Peptidoglycan, Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on the Biological Properties of Peptidoglycan, eds. H.D. Seidl and K.H. Schleifer, Walter Degruyter and Co., Berlin, pp. 61-66, 1986.
      5. "Management of Retinal and Vitreous Injuries", Hammer, M.E. and Grizzard, W.S., in Management of Ocular, Orbital, and Adnexal Trauma, ed. Spoor, T.C. and Nesi, F.A., Raven Press, New York, pp. 81-128, 1987.
      6. "Tolerance of Perfluorocarbons, Fluorosilicone and Silicone Liquids in the Vitreous", Hammer, M.E., Rinder, D.F., Hicks, E.L., Yang, C.H., and Hornung, C.A., in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy, eds. Freeman and Tolentino, Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 156-161, 1988.
      7. "Vitreous Substitutes-Gas, Fluid Viscoelastic, Silicone, Perfluorocarbon", Hammer, M.E., in Duane's Clinical Ophthalmology, eds. Tasman, W.S. and Jaeger, E.A., J.B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, Chap. 54, pp.1-46, 1994.
      8. “Wide-angle viewing Systems for Vitreoretinal Surgeries,” Hammer, M.E., Grizzard,  W.S., DeGregorio, P., in Vitreoretinal Surgcal Techniques, eds. Peyman, G, Meffert S, Conway M, Chou F.  Martin Dunitz, London, Chap 9, pp 99-115, 2001.
      9. “Wide-angle viewing systems for Vitreoretinal Surgery,” Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S., in Vitreoretinal Surgical Techniquest, eds. Peyman, G, Meffert S, Conway, M, Abingdon, London, Chap 9, pp 90-98, 2007.
      10. “Surgical Management of Ocular Hypotony,” Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S. in Surgical Management of Uveitis, eds. Becker, M and Davis, J, Springer- Verlag, Germany, Chap 21, pp 213-218, 2008
      11. “Pneumatic retinopexy,” Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S.in Surgical Techniques in Ophthalmology: Retina and Vitreous Surgery, ed Bhavsar, Abdhish,  China, Chap. 12, pp. 145-155, 2009.

      C) Abstracts and Correspondence

        1. "Traumatic Hyphema" (correspondence), Spoor, T.C. and Hammer, M.E., Archives of Ophthalmology, 99:2053, 1981.
        2. "Rheology of Subretinal Fluid", (abstract), Hammer, M.E. and Odom, T., Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Supplement, 22:3, p. 54, 1982.
        3. "Experimental Uveitis Induced by Bacterial Cell Wall Fragments", (abstract), Burrish, G.E., Fox, A., Hammer, M.E., and Lill, P., Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Supplement, 22:3, p. 213, 1982.
        4. "Pseudoplastic Viscosity of Subretinal Fluid", (abstract), Hammer, M.E. and Burch, T.G., Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Supplement, 25:3, p. 257, 1984.
        5. "Endothelial Protection Using Intermediate Viscosity Intraocular Agents", (abstract), Burch, T.G., Jones, P.V., Hammer, M.E., Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Supplement, 25:3, p. 331, 1984.
        6. Effect of Selected Liquid Perfluorochemical Compared to High and Low Viscosity Silicone Oil on Corneal Stroma and Endothelium", (abstract), LoCascio, J.A., Hammer, M.E., Rinder, D., Hicks, L., Robin, B., Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Supplement, 26:3, p. 145, 1985.
        7. "Dissemination of Streptococcal Cell Wall Complexes to the Eye in Experimental Uveitis", (abstract), Pararajasegaram, G., Wells, A., Hammer, M.E., Yang, C., and Fox, A., Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Supplement, 27:3, p. 39, 1986.
        8. "Effects of Perfluorochemical and Silicone Oils on Extracellular Matrix Production by Corneal Endothelium", (abstract), LoCascio, J., Hammer, M.E., Borg, T., and Dewey, A., Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Supplement, 27:3, p. 175, 1986.
        9. "Basic Mechanical Properties of the Retina in Simple Elongation", (abstract), Hammer, M.E., Peters, W.H., and Wenyan, W., Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Supplement, 28:3, p. 116, 1987.
        10. "Tolerance of Perfluorocarbon, Fluorosilicone, and Silicone Liquids in the Vitreous Cavity", (poster abstract), Hammer, M.E., Rinder, D.F., Hicks, E.L., Yang, C.H., Hornung, C., Grizzard, W.S., Myers, S., Ophthalmology, Supplement, 94:10, p. 109, 1987.
        11. "Silicone Oil is a Better Vitreous Tamponade Than Sulfur Hexafluoride for Difficult Retinal Detachments: A Prospective Randomized Trial", (poster abstract), Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S., Pavan, P.R., Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Supplement, 34:4, p. 952, 1993.
        12. "Better Models Show Higher Reattachment Force in Non-Drainage Scleral Buckling", (paper abstract), Hammer, M.E., Charles, S., Chakaravarthy S., Palaniswamy, S., Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Vol. 35:4, p. 1902, 1994.
        13. "Stage 4 and 5 Acute And Cicatricial Retinopathy of Prematurity: Surgical Results, (paper abstract), Hammer, M.E., presented at the International Conference on Retinopathy of Prematurity, University of Illinois at Chicago, November 1, 1996.

      Presentations:

        1. “Chenoweth Intraocular Dilating Solution”, Hammer, M.E., Montgomery, S., and Chenoweth, R.G., exhibit at Oregon State Ophthalmological Society, Portland, Oregon, March 10, 1978.
        2. “Steroid Therapy for Traumatic Hyphema”, Spoor, T., Hammer, M.E., Belloso, H., presented at the 51st Annual Clinical Conference, New York Eye & Ear Infirmary, New York, N.Y., April 1978.
        3. “A Controlled Study of the Effect of an Intraocular Dilating Solution on the Endothelium of Cats”, Hammer, M.E., presented at the 52nd Annual Clinical Conference, New York Eye & Ear Infirmary, New York, N.Y., May 17 & 18, 1979.
        4. “Traumatic Hyphema”, Hammer, M.E., presented at the Fourth Annual Ophthalmic Seminar, Rochester, N.Y., August 10, 1979.
        5. “Retinal Reattachment Forces Created by Absorption of Subretinal Fluid”, Hammer, M.E., presented at the Conference on Subretinal Space , Haddassah University Eye Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel, October 4, 1979.
        6. “Plano Fundus Lens for Penetrating Keratoplasty and Closed Vitrectomy”, Hammer, M.E., presented at the 53rd Annual Clinical Conference, New York Eye & Ear Infirmary, New York, N.Y., May 8 & 9, 1980.
        7. “Retinal Detachments and Retinal Reattachment Forces”, Hammer, M.E., presented before the Charleston Ophthalmologica Society, October, 1980.
        8. “Retinal Reattachment Forces”, Hammer, M.E., presented at the 54th Annual Clinical Conference, New York Eye & Ear Infirmary, New York, N.Y., May 7, 1981.
        9. “Retinopathy of Prematurity”, Ferguson, J.G., Hammer, M.E., Wynn, P., and Kocher, G., presented at the Joint Meeting of North and South Carolina Ophthalmologica Societies, September 25-27, 1981.
        10. “Analysis of a Screening Program for Retinopathy of Prematurity”, Ferguson, J.G., Hammer, M.E., Kocher, G. and Wynn, P., presented at the Annual Meeting of the Southern Medical Society, November, 1981.
        11. “Retinal Reattachment Forces”, and Intraocular Dilating Solution, Grand Rounds, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oregon Health Sciences Center, January 15, 1982.
        12. “Basics of Pars Plana Vitrectomy”, “Basics of Pars Plana Lensectomy”, “Vitrectomy for Anterior Segment Trauma”, “Vitrectomy for Endophthalmitis”, “Vitrectomy  for Vitreous Hemorrhage”, Hammer, M.E., presented at Canadian/American Ophthalmology Seminar, Myrtle Beach, March 24-26, 1982.
        13. “Diseases of the Retina and Vitreous in General Medicine”, Canadian/American Seminar, Myrtle Beach, March 23, 1982.
        14. “Rheology of Subretinal Fluid”, (poster), Hammer, M.E. and Odom, T., presented at the 54th Annual ARVO Spring Meeting, Sarasota, Florida, May 3-7, 1982.
        15. “Experimental Uveitis Induced by Bacterial Cell Wall Fragments”, (poster), Burrish, G., Fox, A., Hammer, M.E., and Lill, P.H., 54th Annual ARVO Spring Meeting, Sarasota, Florida, May 3-7, 1982.
        16. “Rheology of Subretinal Fluid”, Hammer, M.E., 55th Annual Clinical Conference, New York Eye & Ear Infirmary, New York, N.Y., May 14, 1982.
        17. “Predictive Risk Factors in Retinopathy of Prematurity”, Regional Meeting of ARVO, Charleston, South Carolina, September 23-24, 1982.
        18. “Ocular Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus”, 5th Annual Clinical Endocrine Symposium, U.S.C. School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, October 14, 1982.
        19. Exophalia Jeanselemi Exogenous Fungal Endophthalmitis, Ocular Immunology and Microbiology Group, San Francisco, California, October 30, 1982.
        20. Comparison of Experimental Uveitis Elicited by Peptidoglycan-Polysaccharide Complexes, Lipopolysaccharide and Muramyldipeptide, (poster), Fox, A., Hammer, M.E., Lill, P.H., Burch, T., and Burrish, G., presented at the 55th Annual ARVO Spring Meeting, Sarasota, Florida, May 2-6, 1983.
        21. Rheological Properties of Sodium Hyaluronate and Chondroitin Sulfate, (paper), Hammer, M.E. and Burch, T., presented at the 55th Annual ARVO Spring Meeting, Sarasota, Florida, May 2-6, 1983.
        22. Predictive Risk Factors in Retinopathy of Prematurity, Hammer, M.E., 56th Annual Clinical Conference, New York Eye & Ear Infirmary, New York, N.Y., May 12, 1983.
        23. A Plano Fundus Lens for Combined Vitrectomy and Penetrating Keratoplasty, (poster), Hammer, M.E., presented at the 1983 meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology, Chicago, Illinois, October 30-November 3, 1983.
        24. Retinal and Vitreous Surgery:An Update, Hammer, M.E., Grand Rounds, Department of Surgery, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, January 14, 1984.
        25. Pseudoplastic Viscosity of Subretinal Fluid, (poster), Hammer, M.E. and Burch, T.G., presented at the 56th Annual ARVO Spring Meeting, Sarasota, Florida, April 30-May 4, 1984.
        26. Endothelial Protection Using Intermediate Viscosity Intraocular Agents, (poster), Burch, T.G., Jones, P.V., and Hammer, M.E., presented at the 56th Annual ARVO Spring Meeting, Sarasota, Florida, April 30-May 4, 1984.
        27. Viscous Solutions for Corneal Endothelial Protection, Hammer, M.E., presented at the 57th Annual Clinical Conference, New York Eye & Ear Infirmary, New York, N.Y., May 17-18, 1984.
        28. Risk Factors Associated with Acute Retinopathy of Prematurity, (late entry poster), Mullen, P.W., Hammer, M.E., Ferguson, J.G., et.al., presented at the 1984 meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology, Atlanta, Georgia, November 10-15, 1984.
        29. An Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay for the Detection of Streptococcal Cell Wall Fragments in Experimental Uveitis, Pararajasegarem, G., Harrison, J., Wells, A., Hammer, M.E., et.al., Ocular Immunology and Microbiology Group, Atlanta, Georgia, November 16, 1984.
        30. Inflammatory Uveitis Elicited by Muramyl Depeptide...A Rat Model, Harrison, J., Lill, P., Hammer, M.E., and Fox, A., Ocular Immunology and Microbiology Group, Atlanta, Georgia, November 16, 1984.
        31. Risk Factors Associated with Acute Retinopathy of Prematurity, Hammer, M.E., presented at John S. Herrmann Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology Symposium, New York, N.Y., March 28-29, 1985.
        32. Risk Factors Associated with Acute Retinopathy of Prematurity, Hammer, M.E., presented at the Eastern Regional Orthoptic Meeting, New York, N.Y., March 28-29, 1985.
        33. Effect of Selected Liquid Perfluorochemicals Compared to High and Low Viscosity Silicone Oil on Corneal Stroma and Endothelium, (poster), LoCascio, J.A., Hammer, M.E., Rinder, D., Hicks, L., Robin, B., presented at the 1985 Annual ARVO Spring Meeting, Sarasota, Florida, May 6-10, 1985.
        34. Viscosity of Subretinal Fluid, Hammer, M.E., presented at the Annual Meeting of the Vitreous Society, Orlando, Florida, October 24-26, 1985.
        35. Basic Mechanical Properties of the Retina in Simple Elongation, Wenzhou, W., Peters, W.H., Hammer, M.E., presented at the International Conference of Experimental Mechanics, Beijing, China, October 7-10, 1985.
        36. Streptococcal Cell Walls, Wells, A., Fox, A., Hammer, M.E., Yang, C.H., presented at the 71st Annual Meeting of SEB-ASM, October 17-19, 1985.
        37. Measurement of the Material Properties of the Retina, Scully, J., Wenzhou, W., Peters, W.H., Hammer, M.E., presented at the Proceedings, 4th Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference, Jackson, Mississippi, October 11-12, 1985.
        38. Basic Mechanical Properties of the Retina in Simple Elongation, Wenzhou, W., Peters, W.H., Hammer, M.E., presented at the ASME Bioengineering Division, 1985. Symposium on the Application of Continuum Models to Biological Tissue, ASME Winter Annual Meeting, Miami Beach, Florida, November 17-22, 1985.
        39. Differential Distribution of Cell Wall Complexes:  Correlation With Induction of Uveitis and Polyarthritis, Pararajasegarem, G., Wells, A., Hammer, M.E., Yang, C.H., and Fox, A., presented at the 1986 American Society of Microbiology Annual Meeting, Washington D.C., March 23-28, 1986.
        40. Effects of Perfluorochemicals and Silicone Oils on Extracellular Matrix Production by Corneal Endothelium, LoCascio, J., Hammer, M.E., Borg, T., and Dewey, A., presented at the 1986 Annual ARVO Spring Meeting, Sarasota, Florida, April 28-May 2, 1986.
        41. Treatment of Behcets Disease with Colchicine, Maclane, N. and Hammer, M.E., presented at the 4th Annual Vitreous Society Meeting, Palm Springs, California, December 3-6, 1986.
        42. Treatment of a Malignant Melanoma with a Lead Plaque Containing 24 Seeds of Iodine-125, Hammer, M.E., Detorie, N.A., and Neglia, W.J., presented at the 4th Annual Meeting of the Vitreous Society, Palm Springs, California, December 3-6, 1986.
        43. Basic Mechanical Properties of Retina in Simple Elongation, Hammer, M.E., Peters, W.H., and Wenzhou, W., (poster), presented at the 1987 Annual ARVO Spring Meeting, Sarasota, Florida, May 4-8, 1987.
        44. Pneumatic Retinopexy, Hammer, M.E., presented at the Florida Society of Ophthalmology, Fall Scientific Program, Miami, Florida, September 19, 1987.
        45. Sharpness and What It Means, Hammer, M.E., presented at the Tampa Bay Ophthalmological Society, Ocular Anesthesia program, St. Petersburg, Florida, October 10, 1987.
        46. Tolerance of Perfluorocarbon, Fluorosilicone, and Silicone Liquids in the Vitreous Cavity, Hammer, M.E., (poster), presented at American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, Dallas, Texas, November 7-12, 1987.
        47. Silicone Oil for Treatment of Difficult Retinal Detachments, Hammer, M.E. and Grizzard, W.S., presented at the 5th Annual Meeting of the Vitreous Society, St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, U.S., December 2-5, 1987.
        48. The Effect of Cryopexy on Visual Outcome and Anatomic Success: Results of a Prospective Study of 1000 Cases of Scleral Buckling, Grizzard, W.S., Hilton, G.F., Hammer, M.E., et.al., presented at the 5th Annual Meeting of the Vitreous Society, St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, U.S., December 2-5, 1987.
        49. “Case Report of AMPPE with a Fatal Outcome”, Hammer, M.E. and Grizzard, W.S., presented at the American Uveitis Society Meeting, Sarasota, Florida, April 30, 1988.
        50. “Cryopexy is Not a Risk Factor for Failure of Scleral Buckling”, Hammer, M.E., Hilton, G.F., Grizzard, W.S., Taren, D., Leaverton, D., presented at the 21st Annual Meeting of the Retina Society, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, June 16-18, 1988.
        51. “The Effect of Cryopexy on Visual Outcome and Anatomic Success:  Results of a Prospective Study of 1000 Cases of Scleral Buckling”, Grizzard, W.S., Hilton, G.F., Hammer, M.E., et.al., presented at the 16th Meeting of the Club Jules Gonin, Bruges, Belgium, September 4-8, 1988.
        52. “Pneumatic Retinopexy:  A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Comparing Pneumatic Retinopexy with Scleral Buckling”, Tornambe, P.E., Hilton, G.F., Brinton, D.A., Grizzard, W.S., Heilbron, D., Hammer, M.E., et.al., presented at the 90th Annual Meeting of the Academy of Ophthalmology, November 10-14, 1988.
        53. “Risk Factors of Acute ROP”, Hammer, M.E., presented at ROP Conference: Update on Retinopathy of Prematurity, All Childrens Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida, April 8, 1989.
        54. “Silicone Oil:  Leaving It In”, Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S., and Antworth, M.V., presented at the 7th Annual Meeting of the Vitreous Society, Orlando, Florida, December 6-9, 1989.
        55. “An Epidemic of Ocular Perforations Associated with Ocular Anesthesia”, Grizzard, WS, Kirk, NM, Pavan, PR, Hammer, ME, Amtworth, MV, Roseman, R., presented at the 92nd Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology.  Atlanta, Georgia, October 28- November 1, 1990.
        56. “Visual Acuity in Scleral Buckling:  Prospective Risk Factors”, Hammer, M.E., Hilton, G.F., Grizzard, W.S., Taren, D., presented at the 23rd Annual Scientific Meeting of the Retina Society, Key Largo, Florida, October 4-6, 1990.
        57. “Retrobulbar Anesthesia and Retinal Surgery”, Hammer, M.E. and Grizzard, W.S., presented at Quality Surgery V, American College of Eye Surgeons, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, February 14-16, 1991.
        58. “Endophthalmitis and Vitrectomy”, Hammer, M.E., presented at the 16th Annual Ophthalmic Seminar for Ophthalmic Personnel, Rochester, New York, June 13, 1991.
        59. "Pneumatic Retinopexy", Hammer, M.E., presented at the 16th Annual Ophthalmic Seminar for Ophthalmic Personnel, Rochester, New York, June 14, 1991.
        60. "Purified Silicone Oil:  Commencement of Prospective Randomized Trial with Sulfahexafluoride Gas", Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S., Pavan, P.R., presented at the 24th Annual Meeting of the Retina Society, Quebec, Canada, September 11-14, 1991.
        61.  "Silicone Oil for Difficult Retinal Detachments", Hammer, M.E., presented at Spring Meeting of Tampa Bay Ophthalmological Society, St. Petersburg, Florida, May 23, 1992.
        62. "Pneumatic Retinopexy Failures Cause, Prevention, and Management" (poster abstract) Grizzard, W.S., Hilton, G.F., Tornambe, P.E., Brinton, D., and Hammer, M.E., presented at the Jules Gonin Meeting, Vienna, Austria, September 6-10, 1992.
        63. "Advanced Surgery and Management for the VitreoRetinal Surgeon", Charles, S.T., Blumenkranz, M.S., Glaser, B.M., Hammer, M.E., Chang, S., Williams, G.A., and Lean, J.S., presented at the 1992 American Academy of Ophthalmology Meeting, Dallas, Texas, November 8-12, 1992.
        64. "Retinopathy of Prematurity", Hammer, M.E., presented at Grand Rounds, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, March 20, 1993.
        65. "Silicone Oil for Difficult Retinal Detachments", Hammer, M.E., presented at Grand Rounds, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, March 20, 1993.
        66. "Evaluation of Ophthalmic Nevus/Melanoma", Hammer, M.E. and Grizzard W.S., presented at Meeting of Tampa Ophthalmic Personnel Society, Tampa, Florida, June 15, 1993.
        67. "Pneumatic Retinopexy", Hammer, M.E., presented at Grand Rounds, New York Eye & Ear Infirmary, New York, N.Y., September 23, 1993.
        68. "Biomechanics of Vitreo-Retinal Surgery", Hammer, M.E., presented at Grand Rounds, New York Eye & Ear Infirmary, New York, N.Y., September 23, 1993.
        69. "Computational Fluid Dynamic Simulation of Vitreous and Subretinal Fluid Motion", Hammer, M.E., presented at 1993 Annual Meeting of the Retina Society, San Francisco, California, October 2, 1993.
        70. "Fluid Mechanics of Vitreo-Retinal Surgery", Hammer, M.E., presented at Rockwell International Science Center, Thousand Oaks, California, October 4, 1993.
        71. "Pediatric Retinal Disorders", Hammer, M.E., presented at Grand Rounds, All Childrens Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida, November 5, 1993.
        72. "Ophthalmoscopy and Retinal Lesions for Non-Ophthalmic Physicians", Hammer, M.E., presented at Grand Rounds, Bayfront Medical Center, St. Petersburg, Florida, November 16, 1993.
        73. "Vitreous Substitutes", Hammer, M.E., Lecture to Residents, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, February 10, 1994.
        74. "Update on Retinopathy of Prematurity: Surgical Aspects", Hammer, M.E., USF Pediatric Ophthalmology Grand Rounds Lecture, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, April 23, 1994.
        75. "Better Models Show Higher Reattachment Force in Non-Drainage Scleral Buckling", Hammer, M.E., Charles, S., Chakaravarthy, S., and Palaniswamy, S., presented at 1994 Annual ARVO Spring Meeting, Sarasota, Florida, May 5, 1994.
        76. "Laser Photocoagulation More Effective Than Cryopexy for Zone 1 Acute Retinopathy of Prematurity", Hammer, M.E., Pusateri, T.J., Hess B.J., Stromquist C, Sosa, R., presented at Joint European Research Meetings in Ophthalmology and Vision (JERMOV), Montpellier, France, October 18, 1994.
        77. "Threshold Retinopathy of Prematurity, Transition From Cryopexy to Laser Treatment", Hammer, M.E., Pusateri T.J., Hess, B.J., presented at American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, San Francisco, California, October 31, 1994.
        78. "New Visualization Techniques for Vitreoretinal Surgery", Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S., Koch, F., Corcostegui, B., Fisher, Y., presented at American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, San Francisco, California, November 2, 1994.
        79. "Vitrectomy to Treat Macular Holes:  The Learning Curve", Hammer M.E., Grizzard, W.S., Cohen, S.M., presented at annual ARVO Spring Meeting in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, May 19, 1995.
        80. "Retina-Complications of Vitreoretinal Procedures-Silicone Oil", Hammer, M.E. presented at the annual FSO meeting in Naples, Florida on September 22, 1995.
        81. "New Visualization Techniques for Vitreoretinal Surgery", Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S., Koch, F., Corcostegui, B., Fisher, Y. presented at  American Academy of Ophthalmology Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia, October 31, 1995.
        82. "Endophthalmitis Vitreous Injections Can Settle on the Macula Without Significant Dilution", Hammer M.E., presented at the annual ARVO Meeting, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, April 24, 1996.
        83. "Retinal Pigment Epithelial Tear:  A New Complication Post Trabeculectomy Using Mitomycin",  Hammer, M.E. and Mercandetti, M., Poster presentation at the Symposium on Cataract, IOL, and Refractive Surgery, Congress on Ophthalmic Practice Management in Seattle, Washington on June 1-5, 1996.
        84. "Vitreous Substitutes", Hammer, M.E., presented to USF Ophthalmology Residents at the College of Medicine Eye Clinic, Tampa, Florida, June 20, 1996.
        85. "New Visualization Techniques for Vitreoretinal Surgery", Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S., Koch, F., Corcostegui, B., Fisher, Y. presented at American Academy of Ophthalmology Meeting, Chicago, Illinois, October 31, 1996.
        86. "Biomechanics of Vitreoretinal Surgery", Hammer, ME., presented to USF Ophthalmology Residents at the College of Medicine Eye Clinic, Tampa, Florida, November 14, 1996.
        87. "Retinal Tacks for Difficult Retinal Detachments", presented at 14th Annual Vitreous Society Meeting, Cancun, Mexico, December 12, 1996.
        88. “Post-Laser Subfoveolar Membrane in Diabetic Maculopathy Treatment with Good Visual Results”, Hammer, ME, presented at the 1st. Vitreoretinal Symposium, March 20/21, 1998 in Frankfurt/Main.
        89. “Use of Wide Field Systems in Vitrectomy” Hammer, ME, presented at the 28th International Congress of Ophthalmology, June 21 through 26, 1998 in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
        90. “Treatment of Giant Tears” panel session presented at the 28th International Congress of Ophthalmology, June 21 through 26, 1998 in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
        91. “Overview of Endoscopy in Vitreoretinal Surgery” Hammer, ME, presented at the 28th International Congress of Ophthalmology, June 21 through 26, 1998 in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
        92. “Post-laser Subfoveolar Membrane in Diabetic Maculopathy Treatment with Good Visual Result”, presented at the 1st Vitreoretinal Symposium, March 20 and 21st, 1998, Frankfurt, Germany.
        93. “Outpatient Endophthalmitis Treatment: Patient Care and Cost Considerations”, presented at Subspeciality Day, American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA, November 8 - 11, 1998.
        94. “New Visualization Techniques for Vitreoretinal Surgery”, Instruction Course Program, presented at the American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA, November 8 - 11, 1998.
        95. “Direct Perfluoro-octane to Silicone Oil Exchange for Complex Retinal Detachments”, Hammer, ME, Grizzard, WS, DeGregorio, P, presented at the Vitreous Society 17th Annual Meeting, Rome, Italy, September 21-25, 1999.
        96. “Endoscopy for the Evaluation and Treatment of  the Ciliary Body in Hypotony.”  Hammer, ME, Grizzard, WS.  Club Jules Gonin, Taormina Italy, September 2-6, 2000.
        97. “Bimanual Vitrectomy using the Multiport Illumination System in Patients with Complex Diabetic Traction Detachment.”  Hammer, ME, Grizzard, WS.  3rd Vitreoretinal Symposium, Frankfurt-Marburg 2000, October 6th and 7th, 2000.
        98. “The Promise and Problems of Limited Translocation of the Macula.” Hammer, ME, Grizzard, WS.  3rd Vitreoretinal Symposium, Frankfurt-Marburg 2000, October 6th and 7th, 2000.
        99. “Update on Retinal Therapy for Macular Degeneration” Hammer, ME, presented at  the American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, 2000 Vision Rehabilitation Shared Interest Group Noontime Symposium,  Dallas, TX, October 24, 2000.
        100. “Endoscopic Vitrectomy and Diode Laser” Hammer, ME, Rosen, R, Koch, F,  Uram, M,  Awh, C. Prerequisite didactic course presented at the American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, Dallas, TX. October 24, 2000.
        101. “Endoscopic Vitrectomy and Diode Laser” Hammer, ME, Avila,  M, Rosen, R, Koch, F, Sinclair, S, Uram, M, Boscher, C, Packo, K, Olsen, T, Robertson,J, Barofsky,J, Wong, DT. Lab course presented at the American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, Dallas, TX. October 24, 2000.
        102. “Surgery of the Ciliary Processes with Endoscopic Visualization,” Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S., presented at The Retina Society 33rd Annual Meeting, Coral Gables, FL, November 30 - December 3, 2000.
        103. “Recent Changes in Pneumatic Retinopexy”, Hammer, M.E., presented at the European Society of Ophthalmology Conference, Istanbul, Turkey, June, 2001.
        104. “Subspecialty Symposia”, Hammer, M.E. presented at the Florida Society of Ophthalmology 2003 Annual Meeting, Sarasota, FL.  September, 2003
        105. “Endoscopy Assisted Vitrectomy and Glaucoma Surgery”, Boscher, C.R., Azzolini, C., Hammer, M.E., Koch, F., Sinclaire, S., ARVO Meeting, Ft. Lauderdale, FL.  April, 2004
        106. “Further Applications of High Resolution Videondoscopy for Vitreoretinal Surgery” Hammer, M.E., Grizzard, W.S.  Club Jules Gonin Annual Meeting. Greece. July 2004.
        107. “Alternative Approaches to a Variety of Retinal Detachments” Hammer, M.E., Van Heuven, W.A.J.  XXV Pan American Congress of Ophthalmology.  Chile, March 2005.
        108. “Pushing Pneumatic Retinopexy in the Algorithm for Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments” Hammer, M.E.  The Retina Society Meeting. Coronado, California September, 2005.  
        109. “Endoscopic Evaluation and Surgery for Severe Uveitic Hypotony”  Hammer, ME, Grizzard, WS, Davis, J  The American Uveitis Society Meeting.  AAO Chicago, October, 2005.
        110. “Advances in Diabetes Treatment”  Hammer, ME, Morrison, AD, Rand, J, Kolterman, OG, Malone, JI, University of South Florida, Tampa Florida, October, 2006.
        111. “Acute Idiopathic Maculopathy”  Hammer, ME, Shanghai Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Infirmary, Shanghai, China, May, 2008.
        112. “Visual loss associated with PRN dosing of anti-VEGF drugs”  Hammer, ME, Grizzard, WS, 3rd Mediterranean Retina Meeting, Istanbul, June 2008. 
        113. “Perfluoro-octane to Silicone Oil Exchange for difficult retinal detachments,” Hammer, M.E., ASRA Annual Meeting, Maui, Hawaii, October 2008. 

      Grants:

        1. National Society To Prevent Blindness $5000, 3/82, to study Uveitis induced by bacterial cell wall fragments with Drs. Fox (principal investigator), Lill, and Morgan.
        2. University NIH Block Grant $3750, 4/82, to study Uveitis induced by bacterial cell wall fragmentswith Drs. Fox (principal investigator), Lill, and Morgan.
        3. National Eye Institute Grant $104,000 3/83, over three years for the study of role of bacterial debris in inflammatory Uveitis with Drs. Fox (prinicipal investigator), Lill, and Morgan.
        4. Biomedical Research Support Grant, $2400 11/83 to study the properties of the retina, Hammer, M.E. (principal investigator).
        5. Whitaker Foundation Grant, $135,000 3/1/84-3/1/87, to study the material properties of the retina, Hammer, M.E. (co-principal investigator).
        6. National Eye Institute Grant $60,000, 4/86, over three years for participation in clinical study of cryopexy in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity.
        7. National Eye Institute Grant $26,000 1st year 9/88, for indefinite term for Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study.
        8. National Eye Institute Grant $47,000 for four years for Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study.

      Research Experience:

        1. Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study, Investigator (NIH)
        2. A Phase III Randomized, Multi-center, Double Masked, Placebo-Controlled Parallel Group Study of Tin Ethyl Etiopurpurin (SnET2) Photocynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Subfovial Choroidal Neovascularazation Associated with Age Related Macular Degeneration, Investigator.  Miravant/Pharmacia & Upjohn , January 99, 1999 until present.
        3. An Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of sub-Tenon’s Injection of Anecortave Acetate Sterile uspension (60mg/ML or 30/mgML) versus Placebo in Patients with Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration  (AMD) Following Treatment with Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) Using Visudyne, Investigator.  Alcon Research,  Ltd, March, 2000 until present.
        4. Protein Kinase C b Inhibitor- Diabetic Retinopathy Study 2 (PKC-DRS2).  A Phase III Clinical Trial, Investigator.  June 2001 - Present
        5. Anti-VEGF Pegylated Aptamer (EYE001) Intravitreal Injections with Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD).  A Phase II/III Clinical Trial, Investigator.  July 2001 - Present
        6. Visudyne in Minimally Classic Subfoveal Choroidal Neovascularization (CNV) Secondary to AMD Trial.  A Phase II/III Clinical Trial, Investigator.  June 2001 - Present
        7. Limited Retinal Translocation versus PDT for the Treatment of AMD.  A Pilot Clinical Trial, Principal Investigator.  June 2001 – December 2002.
        8. A Randomized, Controlled, Masked, Multicenter, Phase II Study of the Effect of Visudyne Therapy with Delayed Light Application in Occult with No Classic Subfoveal Choroidal Neovascularization (CNV) Secondary to Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD):  Visudyne with Altered (Delayed) Light In Occult (VALIO), Investigator.  April 2002 – Present.
        9. Alcon C-01-99  2002-2005+-
          Evaluation of efficacy and safety of posterior juxtascleral injection of anecortef acetate versus visudyne in wet AMD.
        10. Alcon C-02-60
          Evaluation of efficacy and safety of posterior juxtascleral injection of anecortef acetate versus sham treatment for patients at risk of developing CNV.
        11. Genentech FVF3426 (horizon) and FVF3192g (Pier)
          Intravitreal Rhufab for minimally classic and occult AMD involving three arms of therapy.
        12. Allergan.  Phase 3 masked, randomized sham-controlled trial to assess efficacy and safety of dexamethasone posterior segment drug delivery system in treatment of CME following CRVO and BRVO.\
        13. Vertacl – Multi centered randomized prospective phase II/III trial to study effects of   preservative free triamcinalone acetonide as adjunct to Visudyne treatment of wet AMD.
        14. Eyetech Phase II/III -  Randomized, double masked, dose ranging study to establish efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of anti-vegf drug for wet AMD.

      Service:

      1. A.) University of South Florida
        1. Committee to investigate allegations of improper research performed by Dr. James Rowsey upon human patients, 4/99 – 10-99.
        2. Lecturing ophthalmology residents on various retinal topics.  1995 until present.

        B.) University of South Carolina

        1. Attended organizing meeting for Committee for University Fund Raising, “The Family Fund”
        2. Medical School Admissions Committee 8/82 - 1/83
        3. Chairman, Executive Committee of Practice Plan 1/85 - 1/86
        4. President, Faculty Practice Plan 1/86 - 1/87
        5. Medical School Public Information Committee 1/86 - 1/87

        C.)University of South Carolina Medical School- Invited Presentations

        • Internal Medicine Residents Lecture (RMH) "Diabetic Retinopathy", September 1981.
        • Pediatric Grand Rounds (RMH) "Pediatric Diseases of the Retina and Vitreous", April, 1982
        • "Clinical Aspects of Retinopathy of Prematurity" Department of Community Health and Preventative Medicine, 2nd year medical students. September, 1982.
        • Department of Internal Medicine (RMH) Chief Residents Rounds. "Fundus Findings in Diabetes and Hypertension". September, 1982.
        • Family Practice Noon Conference, "Inflammatory Diseases of the Retina". October, 1982
        • "Clinical Aspects of Retinopathy of Prematurity" Department of Community Health and Preventative Medicine, 2nd year medical students. September, 1983.
        • Practice Plan Executive Committee delegate, Ophthalmology Department. August, 1982.
        • Steering Committee Practice Plan of Medical School. April, 1984.
        • Pediatric Sickle Cell Clinic, "Ocular Problems in Sickle Cell Disease and Related Hemoglobinopathies", Department of Pediatrics, University of South Carolina School of Medicine. June, 1984.
        • Panel Member Discussion Group at Lupus Symposium, RMH/USC and S.C. Chapter of Lupus Foundation.  October, 1985.
        • "Clinical Research Applications in Retinopathy of Prematurity", Quarterly Joint Meeting of Columbia Obstetricians and Pediatricians. July,1986.

        C) Public: Invited Presentations

          1. Diabetic Families Association (RMH) "Diabetic Retinopathy", September 1981.
          2. Nursing in Eye Care Seminar (RMH) "Retinal Detachments"  (Accredited by AHEC), September 1981.
          3. PICU-NICU CME Course "Retinopathy in Neonates and Screening Techniques" (RMH), October 1981.
          4. PICU-NICU CME Course "Retinopathy of Prematurity, Diagnosis and Treatment" (RMH), May 1982.
          5. PICU-NICU Nursing CME Course "Retinopathy of Prematurity, Diagnosis and Treatment" (RMH), March 1983.
          6. PICU-NICU Nursing CME Course "Neonatal Retinopathies" (RMH), September 1983.
          7. "Eye Problems of Children", Columbia Mothers of Twins Support Group. October 1983.
          8. "Diseases of the Retina and Vitreous in Children" South Carolina Commission of the Blind. November 1983.
          9. “Causes of Blindness in Children", Ninth Annual Conference for Parents of Preschool Age Blind and Visually Impaired Children, South Carolina Commission of the Blind.  May 1984.
          10. AHEC-Physician Distribution in South Carolina.  February 1986.
          11. PICU-NICU CME Course (RMH) "Cryotherapy in the Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity". February 1986.
          12. Central Carolina Ophthalmological Society, "Update on Retinopathy of Prematurity".  March 1986.
          13. "Dealing with Low Vision from Macular Degeneration", Nikolai Stevenson, Donald Fletcher, M.E. Hammer and W.S. Grizzard in Tampa, Florida.  April 1990.
          14. Update on Diabetic Retinopathy as part of program "Managing Diabetes Today", presented by University Community Hospital, Tampa, Florida. March 1991.
          15. "Detection and Management of Retinal Detachments", Tampa Ophthalmic Personnel Society (TOPS), Tampa, Florida.  November 1991.
          16. "Evaluation of Ophthalmic Nevus/Melanomas", Tampa Ophthalmic Personnel Society (TOPS).  June 1993.
          17. "Retinopathy of Prematurity", Mease Dunedin Hospital Parent Support Group, Dunedin, Florida.  November 1994.
          18. “Update in the Treatment of Wet Macular Degeneration”, Tampa Ophthalmic Personnel Society (TOPS).  March 2001.

        Public:

        A) Community

          1. Rotary Club of Tampa Bay, 3/87 - 1992
          2. Advisory Committee, Ophthalmological Technician Training Program, Hillsborough Community College, 5/88-1/93.
          3. Tampa Bay Ophthalmological Society, Secretary/Treasurer 10/90-10/91, Vice President 10/91-10/92, President 10/92-10/93.
          4. Memorial Hospital of Tampa Tumor Conference: Choroidal Melanoma.  Tampa, Florida October 20, 2005.

        B) State of Florida

          1. Chairman, Florida Eye Injury Registry, 1989-1991.
          2. Chairman, Financial Development Committee, Florida Eye Injury Registry, 12/91 – 12/93

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